Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 2003

This is the 31th consecutive annual report on interesting Macrolepidoptera finds in Sweden.

Several species are expanding northwards and have been reported in larger numbers than ever before.

In July there were several periodes with weather suitable for migration, where among other finds, Pericallia matronula and Lacanobia splendens were observed on the Baltic island of Gotland in mid July and have never been reported from Sweden before.

In 2003 several other interesting observations were made, and among presumptive migrants or recently established species were: Agyronome laodice, Rhodometra sacraria, Orthonama obstipata, Agrius convolvuli, Acherontia atropos, Macroglossum stellatarum, Hyles euphorbiae, Rhryparia purpurata, Herminia tarsicrinalis, Nycteola asiatica, Lamprotes c-aureum, Minucia lunaris, Catocala(Ephesia) fulminea, Colobochyla salicalis, Eucarta virgo, Hydraecia ultima, Hoplodrina ambigua, Lithophane semobrunnea, Mythimna turca, Peridroma saucia, Noctua interposita, Heliothis maritima, Heliothis armigera and Heliothis peltigera.

Species that appeared in larger numbers than usual and which seem to have increased their distribution were: Apatura iris, Araschnia levana, Tyria jacobaeae, Cyclophora porata, Idaea ochrata, Scopula marginepunctata, Deltote deceptoria, Deltote bankiana, Catocala nupta, Catocala promissa, Caticala sponsa, Hecatera dysodea, and Noctua interjecta.

The situation for Mellicta britomartis, Pachycnemia hippocastanaria and Cucullia argentea is alarming, as they seem to be limited to only a few remaining localities.

Due to the warm summer, many species were observed to have additional generations in August and September.

The total number of species found in Sweden is 1092, 9 of them are concidered to be introduced. Two species classified as introduced have been added to the Swedish list in 2003: Sibene (Acharia) stimulea and Chrysodeixie eriosoma.

Pericallia matronula Ph.:Per Stadel Nielsen	Lacanobia splendens Ph.: Per Stadel Nielsen
Munucia lunaris. Ph.: Jan Olof Örden	Spilosoma lutea abr. Ph.: Per Eric Betzholtz

Franzén, M. : Intressanta fynd av storfjärilar (Macrolepidoptera) i Sverige 2003. [Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 2003.] ­ Entomologisk Tidskrift 125 (1-2): 27-42, Sweden 2003. ISSN 0013-886x.

Markus Franzén Ekoligihuset,223 62 Lund, Sweden.

Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 2002

This is the 30th consecutive annual report on interesting finds and provincial records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden.

Favourable weather conditions with a long and warm spring, followed by long periods of high pressures over eastern Europe with spells of warmth and mostly SE winds in summer and early autumn created good fundament for many interesting records, especially of rare migrants. A large number of species occurring in spring started hatching about two weeks earlier than normal.

In May the first migration wave occurred with migrants such as Vanessa atalanta, Cynthia cardui, Lomaspilis opis, Autographa gamma, Autographa mandarina, Minucia lunaris, Colobochyla salicalis and Abrostola triplasia.

This migration continued into June and later this month migrants such as Macroglossum stellatarum and Heliothis peltigera were recorded. Influx of many migrants continued in July to the middle of September with the following species: Pontia daplidice, Colias hyale, Colias crocea, Cyclophora annulata, Orthonama obstipata,Agrius, convolvuli, Macroglossum stellatarum, Hyles livornica, Euprochtis chrysorrhoea, Eilema griseola, Herminia tarsicrinalis, Catocala fulminea, Grammodes stolida, Neustrotia candidula, Nycteola asiatica, Autographa mandarina, Abrostola triplasia, Eucarta virgo, Hydraecia ultima,Spodoptera littoralis, Mythimna l- album, Noctua interposita, Heliothis armigera, Heliothis maritima, Heliothis peltigera, and Protoschinia scutosa.

The species of Drepana binaria, Chloroclystis v- ata and Noctua interjecta nowadays all belonging to the native fauna were expanding strongly this summer especially along the coastal areas of southern Sweden. Species viz. Macdunnoughia confusa, Abrostola triplasia and Archanara geminipuncta were much more abundant than usual. The resident species Tyria jacobaeae, Eublemma minutata, Meganola albula and Cosmia affinis were also recorded as migrants.

In mid September autumn came rapidly and the weather became unusually cold and thereafter only a few stray migrants finds of Nycteola asiatica, Autographa mandarina, Mythimna l-album, Peridroma saucia and Heliothis peltigera were made.

Due to the warm spring and summer, many species were observed in extra partial generations in August and September among the many odd finds were Cucullia camomillae and Cucullia umbratica. The cold weather in autumn abruptly suppressed the activity of most late flying species, which appeared in much lower numbers than normal.

New to the Swedish fauna are Lomaspilis opis, Eucarta virgo and Mniotype solieri, the latter species already found in 1998 but not determined until now. Chrysodeixis acuta, was recorded for the first time in the country as a species introduced.

The total number of species found in Sweden is 1089. Of these, 1081 species are found resident or temporary and 8 species are only found as introduced species. The latest information and the present status of some red-listed species are also given. The classification is according to Catalogus Lepidopterorum Sueciae (1994) with minor corrections following Karsholt & Razowski (1996).

Palmqvist, G.: Intressanta fynd av storfjärilar (Macrolepidoptera) i Sverige 2002. [Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 2002.] ­ Entomologisk Tidskrift 124 (1-2): 47-58, Sweden 2003. ISSN 0013-886x.

G. Palmqvist, Vattumannens gata 126, SE- 136 62 Haninge, Sweden.

Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 2001

This is the 29th consecutive annual report on interesting finds and provincial
records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden.

In springtime periods of cool and rain alternated with more suitable weather. Already in the beginning of April and May the first migrant viz. Vanessa atalanta was observed in Sweden.

A long period then followed with unfavourable weather conditions in the end of May and the first half of June.

In late June and July high pressure periods with SE winds brought migrants as Vanessa atalanta, Cynthia cardui, Macroglossum stellatarum and Euproctis chrysorrhoea. But also the single find of Herminia tarsicrinalis and those of Neustrotia candidula, also found later on in the summer, probably are due to migration.

In late July and August migrants as Agrius convolvuli, Macroglossum stellatarum, and Hydraecia ultima were seen or recorded.

In September high pressure periods with favourable SE winds created
good condtions for migration and species recorded are Orthonama obstipata,
Costaconvexa polygrammata, Agrius convolvuli, Acherontia atropos,
Macroglossum stellatarum, Nycteola asiatica, Autographa mandarina, Luperina
zollikoferi, Spodoptera exigua, Mythimna vitellina, Peridroma saucia and
Heliothis armigera. In September also a migration of Calospilos sylvata was observed.

In October migrans found were Chrysodeixis chalcites, Mythimna vitellina and
Peridroma saucia.

The last records of migrants are Peridroma saucia in the beginning of November.

The manyfinds of Lithophane semibrunnea in SE Skåne indicate that the species now is resident in the country. Hecatera dysodea, refound in Sweden last year, was still abundant and the species was seen in new sites.

For the first time since 1992 no specieswas found new to the country viz. the total number of Macrolepidoptera found in Sweden is still 1083.

The latest information and present staus of some redlisted species in Sweden is also given.

The classification follows Catalogus Lepidopterorum Sueciae (1994).

Palmqvist, G.: Intressanta fynd av storfjärilar (Macrolepidoptera) i Sverige 2001. [Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 2001. ] ­ Entomologisk Tidskrift 123 (1-2 ): 53-63, Sweden 2001. ISSN 0013-886x.

G. Palmqvist, Vattumannens gata 126, SE- 136 62 Haninge, Sweden.

Göran Palmqvist

Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 2000

This is the 28th consecutive annual report on interesting finds and provincial records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden. Although periods of unfavourable cool and rainy conditions especially in summer, there were spells of more suitable weather which allowed for a number of interesting finds of which most were migrants.

Already in March with the first spell of warmth and S winds the first migrant viz. Vanessa atalanta was observed in Sweden.

In late April and May high pressure periods with favourable SE winds migrants as Vanessa atalanta, Cynthia cardui, Minucia lunaris, Autographa gamma, Agrotis ipsilon and Xestia c-nigrum came.

In June and July migrants as Colias hyale, one egg-laying female of Colias crocea, Agrius convolvuli, Macroglossum stellatarum Cryptocala chardinyi and Heliothis peltigera were observered or recorded. Later in the season several finds of caterpillars of Macroglossum stellatarum showed that the species was breeding in the country. The record of Colochyla salicalis in Uppland is doubtful if it is resident or one migrant.

The warm night, 11-12th August, with E winds both Ephesia fulminea, found in Blekinge and Noctua interposita, found on the Balic island Gotland were recorded as new to the Swedish fauna. The only Swedish find of Neustrotia candidula the same night probably also is one migrant.

Ephesia fulminea, new to the Swedish fauna	Noctua interposita, new to Swedish fauna.

From the end of August newly emerged Colias crocea were found on several sites indicating a strong summer-generation breeding in the coastal areas of southern Sweden. Other migrant finds in August are those of Agrius convolvuli and Orthonama obstipata towards the end of the month.

A high pressure established in September but the nights were often cool. Records of migrants this period are: Nycteola asiatica, Hoplodrina ambigua, Mythimna l- album and Heliothis peltigera. Many of the finds of Agrius convolvuli and Macroglossum stellatarum may partly be due to offspring hatched in Sweden.

In November and October prevailing moist and gentle S winds brought migrants as Orthonama obstipata, Nycteola asiatica, Lithophane semibrunnea, Mythimna vitellina, Mythimna l- album, Peridroma saucia and Heliothis armigera. The re-finds of Synathedon andrenaeformis, found new to Sweden last year and Idaea ochrata on the SE coast of Skåne, show that those species are resident. The mass-occurence of caterpillars of Hecatera dysodea in Malmö in SW Sweden was very unexpected. This species has not been observed in the country since the 1860's.

H. dysodea. Imago.	H. dysodea. Caterpillar.

With the new species Ephesia fulminea and Noctua interposita the total number of Macrolepidoptera found in Sweden is 1083. The latest information and present status of some redlisted species in Sweden is also given. The classification is according to Catalogus Lepidopterorum Sueciae (1994).

Palmqvist, G.: Intressanta fynd av storfjärilar (Macrolepidoptera) i Sverige 2000. [Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 2000. ] ­ Entomologisk Tidskrift 122 (1- 2): 41- 55, Sweden 2001. ISSN 0013-886x.

G. Palmqvist, Vattumannens gata 126, SE- 136 62 Haninge, Sweden.

Göran Palmqvist

Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 1999

This is the 27th consecutive annual report on interesting finds and provincial records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden. A warm summer and autumn created good fundament for many interesting records, especially in the SE parts of Sweden.
The re- finds of both Wittleia retiella in Halland, not seen since 1975 and in Skåne imagines and larvae of Conisania leineri, previously considered extinct since the species has not been found after 1962, are of special interest, and show that they still belong to the Swedish fauna. Many finds of migrants, due to high pressure situations and warm SE winds have been reported. The trend from the previous years continues with increasing numbers of long- range migrants reaching the country.

With the first spell of warmth in the end of April one Nycteola asiatica came. May was colder than normal so not until the beginning of June migrants as Vanessa atalanta and Autographa gamma were seen. In July migrants as Idaea ochrata, Macroglossum stellatarum, Eilema griseola, Autographa mandarina and Cryptocala chardinyi were recorded. The unexpected finds of Synanthedon adrenaeformis in two sites in middle Sweden are very hard to explain, since the species is not known from northern Europe before. It is too early to anticipate if it is one migrant or a native/introduced species. Other finds that probably were due to migration during this period are those of Scopula nigropunctata, Colochycla salicalis and Nestrotia candidula.

The migration period proceeded in the beginning of August with finds of Macroglossum stellatarum, Hydraecia ultima, Nycteola asiatica, Abrostola triplasia and Neustrotia candidula. On the Baltic island Gotland one female of an apparently unknown taxa belonging to the genus Perizoma was found, the species seems unfamiliar to the European fauna.

From the end of August and continuing in September several high pressure periods with favourable SE winds brought a long list of migrants such as; Rhodometra sacraria, Ortonama obstipata, Agrius convolvuli, Acherontia atropos, Neustrotia candidula, Nycteola asiatica, Autographa mandarina, Abrostola triplasia, Luperina zollikoferi, Mythimna vitellina, Mythimna l- album, Spaelotis suecica, Peridroma saucia, Heliothis armigera and the highest numbers of Protoschinia scutosa ever observed in Sweden. In the beginning of October one Macroglossum stellatarum was seen and the last migrant recorded is one Ortonama obstipata from early November.

New to the Swedish fauna are Synanthedon adrenaeformis, Perizoma sp and Mythimna vitellina. Two of the species are also illustrated per below.

Synanthedon andreneaformis (Laspeyres,1801)	Mythimna vitellina (Hübner, 1808)

Perizoma sp. Hejnums hällar . Gotland. 1999-08-02

With the new species mentioned the total number of Macrolepidoptera found in Sweden is 1081. The latest information and the present status of some endangered species in Sweden is also given. The classification is according to Catalogus Lepidopterorum Sueciae (1994).

Palmqvist, G.: Intressanta fynd av storfjärilar (Macrolepidoptera) i Sverige 1999. [Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 1999.] ­ Ent. Tidskr.121 (XX): XX-XX. Lund, Sweden 2000. ISSN 0013-886x.

G. Palmqvist, Sjösavägen 133, S- 124 55 Bandhagen, Sweden.

Göran Palmqvist

Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 1998

This is the 26th consecutive annual report on interesting finds and provincial records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden. The weather in spring was variable but in the end of April the warmth came and lasted several weeks with some short interruptions. In June establishing of a low pressure in Scandinavia, which lasted the whole summer, resulted in mainly cool and rainy weather with a short spell of warmth in end of July. From the beginning of September the warmth with prevailing SE winds came to southern and the middle parts of Sweden and lasted to the end of the month. The rest of the autumn was mainly cool.
Among the many interesting re-finds this season, belonging to the native fauna, were Eulithis pyropata, Melanthia procellata, Mythimna albipuncta and Xestia atrata. The threatened butterfly Mellicta britomartis was found on a few new sites. However, many individuals of the endangered butterfly Euphydryas maturna were found dead, probably due to the poor weather conditions. With the warmth and SE winds, in the end of April, started the immigration to Sweden of Vanessa atalanta and Autographa gamma. In the end of May one Macroglossum stellatarum was seen. Large numbers of Cynthia cardui and one Agrius convolvuli appeared as migrants in June. In connection with a short spell of warmth, in the end of July, one Orthonama obstipata, one Eilema griseola two Cucullia fraudatrix were caught. With the warm weather and prevailing SE winds starting the last days of August many migrants like Colias crocea, Rhodometra sacraria, Agrius convolvuli, Acherontia atropos, Macroglossum stellatarum, Hyles lineata, Nycteola asiatica, Luperina zollikoferi, Spodoptera exigua, Heliothis armigera and Protoschinia scutosa came. The last observed migrant was Peridroma saucia in November. This report also deal with the sibling species Leptidea reali, previously confused with Leptidea sinapis and found widespread in Sweden. Specimens, also the Linnaean type-specimen of sinapis, are figured as well as the genitalia. Including Leptidea reali the total number of Macrolepidoptera found in Sweden is 1078. The latest information and the present status of some endangered species in Sweden is also given. The classification is according to Catalogus Lepidopterorum Sueciae (1994).

Picture 1-12. Leptidea,habitus natural size. First row 1-3, Wood White, Leptidae sinapis, first generation. Second row .4-6, Wood White, 2nd generation. Third row 7-9, Réal's Wood White, Leptidea reali, first generation. Fourth row 10-12, Réal's White 2nd generation. 1,2,4,5,7,8,10,11 = male. 3,6,9,12 =female

Palmqvist, G.: Intressanta fynd av storfjärilar (Macrolepidoptera) i Sverige 1998. [Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 1998.] - Ent. Tidskr. 120 (1):59-73. Lund, Sweden 1999. ISSN 0013-886x.

Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 1997

This is the 25th consecutive annual report on interesting finds and provincial records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden. The weather was mainly cool in spring and early summer. In the end of June the warmth came and lasted to the beginning of September with the warmest August ever recorded. Then autumn weather was quite variable with shorter spells of warmth and an October much colder than normal. Presumably due to the cold spring many species with hibernating larvae e g Autographa occurred in low numbers. Among the many interesting records this season, belonging to the native fauna, were Araschnia levana, Drepana binaria and Photedes brevilinea, all expanding and found in numbers. The species Eupithecia millefoliata, which normally is extremely rare in Sweden, was for the first time found in large numbers. The appearances of Lithosia quadra and Mythimna albipuncta suggest that these species at present are native in southern Sweden. With the warm weather and prevailing SE winds starting towards the end of June migrants like Vanessa atalanta, Cynthia cardui, Macroglossum stellatarum, Eilema griseola, Neustrotia candidula and Cryptocala chardiny came. Most likely are the finds of Eulithis pyropata and Colobochyla salicalis also to be considered as migrants. In the end of August and beginning of September many migrants like Colias crocea, Agrius convolvuli, Catocala adultera, Nycteola asiatica, Hydraecia ultima, Spodoptera exigua and Protoschinia scutosa were found. The common migrants Cynthia cardui and Autographa gamma also appeared but in much lower number than in previous years. In this period one Danaus plexippus was observed in southernmost Sweden, most probably this was a fugitive from one of the butterfly gardens occurring in the Copenhagen area. In the middle of September some spells of SE winds brought migrants like Luperina Zollikoferi and Chrysodeixis chalcites to the country. The latter may have been introduced, as is often the case in the neighbouring countries. Other migrants in the autumn were Peridroma saucia and Heliothis armigera. The migration season ended already in the middle of October with two Agrius convolvuli recorded in southernmost Sweden. New to the Swedish fauna are Danaus plexippus, Chrysodeixis chalcites, Cryptocala chardiny and the sibling species Euxoa eruta discriminated from E. tritici according to Fibiger (1997). Altogether this brings the total number of Macrolepidoptera found in Sweden up to 1077. This report also gives the latest information on the present status of some of the endangered lepidopteran species in Sweden. The classification is according to Catalogus Lepidopterorum Sueciae (1994).

Palmqvist,G.: Intressanta fynd av storfjärilar (Macrolepidoptera) i Sverige 1997.[Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 1997.] - Ent. Tidskr. 119 (1):13-27. Lund, Sweden 1998. ISSN 0013-886x.

G. Palmqvist, Sleipnervägen 10, S- 136 42 Haninge, Sweden.

Göran Palmqvist

Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 1996

Palmqvist, G.: Intressanta fynd av storfjärilar (Macrolepidoptera) i Sverige 1996.

[Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 1996.]- Ent. Tidskr.118 (1): 11-27 Uppsala, Sweden 1997.ISSN 0013-886x.

This is the 24th consecutive annual report on interesting finds and provincial records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden. The situation was much alike the last year, mainly cool spring and early summer with short spells of warmth in the end of April, end of May and early June. In the end of July the warmth came back to the whole country and lasted to the beginning of September. In September the weather was mainly cool and rainy but in October there was a long warm period. Among the many interesting records this season, belonging to the native fauna, were Apatutra iris now found in great numbers in a new area and Photedes brevilinea which now appears to be established in Sweden. One new habitat for Xestia borealis, an inhabitant of sub-montane forests, was found more easterly than previously known. This season seems to have been even better for migrating Lepidoptera than the preceding year. In the end of May and beginning of June there was an invasion of Cynthia cardui and Autographa gamma, and also numbers of Vanessa atalanta. In this period Macroglossum stellatarum and Heliothis peltigera also were recorded. In the late July and until beginning of September, a period with warmth and prevailing SE winds, many migrants were found like Eilema griseola, E. palliatella, Lithosia quadra, Trichoplusia ni, Idaea ochrata, Melanthia procellata, Cryphia algae, Protoschinia scutosa, Heliothis armigera, Heliothis peltigera, Autographa mandarina, Hydraecia ultima, Mythimna albipuncta, Spodoptera exigua, Herse convolvuli, Hyles euphorbiae and Colias crocea. One find of Grammodes stolida, found outside a shopping centre in Småland perhaps is introduced. The migration season ceased in October after a period with warmth and S-SW winds brought migrants like Peridroma saucia, Orthonama obstipata, Nycteola asiatica and Lithophane semibrunnea to the country. The very good conditions for migration resulted in six species recorded for the first time in Sweden: Idaea ochrata, Melanthia procellata, Eilema palliatella, Trichoplusia ni, Cryphia algae and Lithophane semibrunnea. The species Timandra griseata and Hadena bicruris, belonging to the native fauna, have shown to be sibling species with the taxa Timandra comae and Hadena capsincola also occurring in the country. Hepialus ganna previously omitted from the Swedish fauna now is reinstated since the Swedish voucher specimens, captured in 1847, have been rediscovered.

Altogether nine species new to the Swedish fauna are reported, bringing the total number of Macrolepidoptera found in Sweden up to 1073.

This report also gives the latest information on the present status of some of the endangered lepidopteran species in Sweden. The classification is according to Catalogus Lepidopterorum Sueciae (1994).

G. Palmqvist, Sleipnervägen 10, S-136 42 HANINGE, Sweden. (+46 8 745 7315)

Göran Palmqvist

---

Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 1995

[Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 1996.] 
Ent. Tidskr.117(1-2):35-48 Uppsala, Sweden 1997.ISSN 0013-886x.

This is the 23rd consecutive annual report on interesting finds and provincial records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden. Due to the increasing demand for information on Lepidoptera for faunal conservation purposes, this list gives the latest available information on the present status for some of the endangered lepidopteran species in Sweden. The early parts of the spring and summer were mainly cool throughout Sweden with some shorter spells of warmth towards the end of April, end of May to the beginning of June. In July the warmth came to southern and central parts of Sweden and then got better and better until last week in August. Among the most interesting captures this season, presumably belonging to, or at least occasionally found in the native fauna, were Euphithecia fennoscandia not found in Sweden for thirty years, the newcomer Eulithis pyropata, which may now be native to Gotland and Cucullia artemisie not found since 1983. Among other interesting finds from the Swedish fauna were Acerbia alpina which also this year was found in numbers and Xestia borealis which was found on a new, even more southerly habitat along the mountain range. The finds of Araschnia levana and Scopula marginepunctata are also pleasing, indicating that these species are recolonising Sweden again. The season 1995 was the best year for migrating Lepidoptera ever recorded in Sweden. The first migrants came already with the warmth in April. Also at the end of May to the beginning of June several migrating species, for instance Macroglossum stellatarum arrived with the warm air. In mid July, a week with SE winds brought species like: Arichanna melanaria, Eilema griseola, Lithosia quadra, Autographa mandarina, to the south eastern part of Sweden. In the late July and in the beginning of August some weeks with prevailing S winds brought a number of migrants, among them: Colias crocea, Cyclophora porata, Drepana binaria, Acherontia atropos, Lymantria dispar, Autographa mandarina, Hydraecia ultima, Cucullia fraudatrix, Protoschinia scutosa and last but not least two specimens of Photedes brevilinea which were new to Sweden. In the beginning of September, a ten day period with SE winds brought species like Orthonama obstipata Agrius convolvuli, Macroglossum stellatarum, Spodoptera exigua, Litophane consocia, Mythimna albipuncta, Heliothis armigera, Protoschinia scutosa and also the largest number of Nycteola asiatica ever recorded in Sweden, more than doubling the number of finds in Sweden. Then in October, there came a fortnight with S and SW winds bringing the last spell of migrants for the season to Sweden. Among the species found were: Orthonama obstipata, Peridroma saucia, Schrankia intermedialis, Hypena lividalis and Mythimna unipuncta. The three latter were all recorded in Sweden for the first time. Whether S. intermedialis is native in Sweden or not is presently not known.

The capture of four species new to Sweden in one year is indeed remarkable and brings the total number of Macrolepidoptera found up to 1064.

The classification is according to Catalogus Lepidopterorum Sueciae (1994).

Mythimna unipuncta. Spain 1986	Euphithecia fennoscandica. Sweden To. Kummovopio ab. ovo 14 July 1995

G. Palmqvist, Sleipnervägen 10, S-136 42 HANINGE, Sweden. (+46 8 745 7315)

Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 1994

N. Ryrholm, Ent. avd., Zool. inst., Uppsala universitet, Villavägen 9, S-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.

Ent. Tidskrift 116 (1-2): 31-45. Uppsala, Sweden. ISSN 0013-886x.

Dr. Nils.Ryrholm

Remarkable records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden 1993

This is the 21st. consecutive annual report on interesting finds and provincial records of Macrolepidoptera in Sweden. The list has now become a tradition and an increasing number of lepidopterologists active in Sweden are contributing to the gathering of information. Despite the cool and wet summer, two species new to Sweden were found this year, Eulithis pyropata and Cucullia boryphora. The former is an old member of the Baltic fauna that has expanded somewhat in previous years and therefore might be expected to appear also in Sweden, whether it is resident or not remains to be seen. The latter is a Southeast European species that has never been recorded from northern- or western Europe before. The Swedish finds of this species were therefore totally unexpected - and they represent a spectacular example of long distance moth migration. These two species bring the total number of Macrolepidoptera found in Sweden to 1059. Partly due to the extremely warm period in the end of April and May, a number of interesting finds were made this season, whereas the number of new provincial records was lower than normal. Perhaps the most interesting provincial records were some previously unreported finds which have been hiding in different museums for 40 to 45 years, namely Everes argiades and Hydraecia ultima. Among the more notable finds reported this year were: Pontia daplidice, Baptria tibiale, Acasis appensata, Eilema griseola, Schrankia taenialis and Xestia distensa. A number of species seem to have extended their range in the last few years, presumably due to the favourable weather in this period. Besides the Cucullia boryphora migration in May, there were a few more conditions bringing migrating moths into Sweden. The most spectacular immigration occurred 10 - 13 June when an immense number of Itame brunneata swept over southern Scandinavia. Other species that appeared as migrants were: Melanargia galathea, Orthonama obstipata, Nycteola asiatica, Agrius convolvuli, Acherontia atropos and Callimorpha dominula. The classification is according to Catalogus Lepidopterorum Sueciae (1987).

N. Ryrholm, Ent. avd., Zool. inst., Uppsala universitet, Villavägen 9, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. Ent.Tidskr. 115 (1-2): xx-xx. Uppsala, Sweden 1994. ISSN 0013-886x.

Dr. Nils.Ryrholm

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